Abstract P3006: Glycemia and Lipids Profiles Levels, Awareness and Control in the Adult Population: the Italian Health Examination Survey 2023-2024 - CUORE Project

Introduction: WHO recommends monitoring glycemic and lipid profiles in the population to control and prevent NCDs. The target for glycemic/diabetes is to halt the rise within 2025 (2010 as baseline). The Italian Ministry of Health (MoH) has strengthened prevention/health promotion and supported their periodic assessment through national health examination surveys (HESs), technically and financially supported by the Ministry of Health - National Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and conducted within the CUORE Project. Hypothesis: The aim to monitor the achievement of the glycemia/diabetes WHO target and lipids profiles distribution in the Italian general population. Methods: In 2023 a new HES started including the assessment of fasting serum glycemia, total and HDL cholesterolemia and triglyceridemia. Up to now, data from random samples of residents in 12 Regions (of 20 regions) distributed in North, Centre and South of Italy and aged 35-74 years are available (1192 men, 1200 women). Glycemia and lipids profiles were assayed by a central lab. Elevated glycemia/diabetes (DM): glycemia ≥126 mg/dl and/or on medication. Elevated total cholesterol/hypercholesterolemia (HChol): total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dl and/or on medication. Results: Glycemia mean level was 97 mg/dl (95%CI: 96-98) in men and 91 mg/dl (90-92) in women; DM resulted 9% (6-12) and 7% (4-10) respectively. Among those with DM, about 2 in 10 men and 1 in 10 women were unaware; about 1 and 4 of 10 were aware but not on medication, respectively. Total cholesterol mean level was 194 mg/dl (192-196) in men and 203 (201-205) in women; HChol resulted 24% (18-31) and 29% (22-36) respectively. Mean level of HDL cholesterol was 49 mg/dl (49-50) in men and 60 mg/dl (59-61) in women; mean level of triglycerides was 116 mg/dl (112-120) and 93 mg/dl (91-96) respectively. Among those with HChol (men 25% - 21-30%; women 30% - 24-35%), about 2 in 10 men and 2 in 10 women were unaware; about 2 of 10 were aware but not on medication. Conclusions: Compared to 2008, these preliminary data showed a significant decrease of glycemia, total cholesterol and triglycerides mean values both in men and women, as well as of DM and HChol prevalence, but improvements on their awareness and control are still necessary.