Abstract P2167: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke

Introduction: The role of socioeconomic status (SES) across cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is well researched at the individual-level but fails to explain the greater CVD rates among Black and American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) groups at every level of SES. This research investigated whether lower Neighborhood SES (NSES), a structural determinant of health, was associated with racial and ethnic disparities in CVD or stroke among aging women. Methods: The data came from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) cohort, consisting of 161,808 postmenopausal women with 30 years of data on stroke and CVD incidence. The NSES data were obtained from the US Census based on participant’s census tract of residence. We evaluated racial and ethnic disparities in the exposure and outcome prevalence using ANOVA. Associations between NSES and time to stroke and CVD were evaluated using multivariate adjusted Cox Regression models, and models were stratified by race and ethnicity to evaluate disparities. Results: NSES differed by race and ethnicity. Black, AIAN, and Latina groups were significantly (P<0.01) more likely to live in neighborhoods with NSES Z-scores below the population mean (Z-score=0) compared with White and Asian groups. The mean NSES Z-score among Black participants was -5.21 standard deviations below the population mean. Thirty-year CVD and stroke incidence followed the same trajectory of racial disparities. Preliminary analysis suggests results from Cox regression models will identify lower NSES to be longitudinally associated with greater stroke and CVD incidence overall, and greater effect sizes among groups experiencing structural racism. Conclusion: This research evaluates racial disparities in NSES as a structural determinant of stroke and CVD. These findings provide evidence emphasizing the urgent need for neighborhood-level interventions to address CVD disparities that coalesce in marginalized communities.