The regional entrepreneurial ecosystem and its impact on entrepreneurial development: insights from Kazakhstan

Purpose The concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems has garnered increasing attention from researchers and policymakers, driven by the significant variation in entrepreneurial activity across countries. However, a substantial research gap remains, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of how the components of entrepreneurial ecosystems interact and shape the entrepreneurial environment. Specifically, this paper examines the impact of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems on entrepreneurial development in Kazakhstan, where limited primary research on this topic exists, thereby contributing to the broader literature. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a qualitative case study approach to examine Kazakhstan’s entrepreneurial ecosystem. Through 32 in-depth, face-to-face interviews, it explores the intricate dynamics shaping the country’s entrepreneurial environment, providing valuable insights into the interplay of key ecosystem components and their broader implications for entrepreneurial development. Findings The main findings reveal the hierarchical interconnections among the foundational components of entrepreneurial ecosystems in Kazakhstan. This study underscores the critical role of policy, human capital and finance in shaping Kazakhstan’s entrepreneurial landscape. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of entrepreneurial ecosystems and may serve as a foundation for comparative analyses with other post-Soviet states. The findings also highlight the need to prioritize certain elements of Kazakhstan’s entrepreneurial ecosystem, particularly the influential roles of policy frameworks, human capital cultivation, and financial support. Practical implications This study highlights valuable policy insights for the government of Kazakhstan, emphasizing the importance of incorporating regional specificities into the formulation and implementation of entrepreneurial policies. These findings also provide a foundation for broader policy discussions on enhancing entrepreneurial ecosystems in other emerging economies. Originality/value This study builds upon and refines Isenberg’s (2010) framework, demonstrating its applicability to emerging economies through empirical evidence from Kazakhstan. By contextualizing the framework within Kazakhstan’s entrepreneurial landscape, the research highlights key adaptations necessary for its effective implementation in similar economic environments. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, industry leaders and other stakeholders.