Studying of the Mechanism for <i>Saussurea involucrata</i> Injection in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Macrophages Based on Transcriptomics and Untargeted Metabolomicsics

We first screened 3836 DE-mRNAs and 100 metabolites in the M0 and M1 groups. A total of 4588 DE-mRNAs and 30 metabolites were screened in the M1 and M2 groups. Besides, a total of 1529 DE-mRNAs and 38 metabolites were screened in the M1 and M1SII groups. DE-mRNAs enriched GO and KEGG entries between M0 and M1 groups showed TNF signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. The pathways of differentially enriched metabolites include Tryptophan metabolism, Secondary bile acid biosynthesis, etc. DE-mRNAs enriched GO and KEGG entries between M1 and M2 groups showed positive regulation of cell adhesion, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and Chemokine signaling pathways. Differential metabolites are enriched in Metabolic pathways, Bile secretion, and Tryptophan metabolism. DE-mRNAs enriched GO and KEGG entries between M1 and M1 SII groups include cell adhesion molecule binding, ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Differential metabolite enrichment pathways include Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and dicarboxylate metabolism, etc. CONCLUSION: Through transcriptome and untargeted metabolomics sequencing analysis, we found that the mechanism of action of SII in the treatment of RA disease may be related to the regulation of macrophages. Importantly, it was found that the TGF-β signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism may be closely related to SII regulation of M1 macrophages for RA treatment.