Fault Vibration Detection of Power Transformer Winding Core Based on $\varphi$-OTDR Sensing

As a key component of power transformers, the vibration characteristics of the winding core will also change when it fails. To ensure the safe operation of power transformers and detect the fault vibration of power transformer winding iron core, a method for detecting the fault vibration of power transformer winding iron core based on φ-OTDR sensing is proposed. The φ-OTDR technology utilizes the phase sensitive characteristics of optical fibers to perform high-precision detection of vibrations along the fiber. Propose an installation method of embedding sensing optical fibers into power transformer windings, using the optical fiber through plate at the oil change valve of the power transformer to extract the optical signals inside the power transformer. And vibration testing experiments were conducted on different types of faults in combination with a 220 kV real power transformer. The experimental results show that the designed φ-OTDR sensing system in this paper can achieve vibration detection of different types of faults in the iron core of power transformer windings, laying the foundation for subsequent use in fault type identification and fault level classification of power transformer winding iron cores.