Biodiversity and in silico phylogenetic analysis of Tapanuli Orangutan food in the Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra

Tapanuli orangutan is one of the Critically Endangered endemics in North Sumatra because there is a population decline due to habitat loss. Conservation efforts are needed to survival. One possible way is through the availability of food for orangutans. This research aims to determine the diversity and environmental factors that influence food diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Tapanuli orangutan food trees in Indonesia. This research used the line transect method with 3 transect lines (transects I, II, III) which were used to observe the Tapanuli orangutan food trees at a distance of 1000 m and a width of 100 meters. Sequence data was obtained from GenBank, an NCBI sequence data provider. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using the maximum likelihood method in MEGA 11 software. The results found were that five species of food for Tapanuli orangutan were dominated by Campnosperma auriculatum. Low diversity index category in the diet of the Tapanuli orangutan in the Batang Toru Forest. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the closest relationship is to the food trees of the Tapanuli orangutan in Indonesia, such as Aglaia tomentosa with Brunei Darussalam, Campnosperma auriculatum with Singapore, and Artocarpus heterophyllus with Sri Lanka. The novelty of this research will be useful for providing recommendations for food management strategies as initial data for Tapanuli orangutan conservation efforts.