Mechanically robust superhydrophobic coatings for efficiency and recyclable microplastic removal

Microplastic pollution has become a severe environmental challenge, necessitating efficient and durable removal strategies. In this study, a durable superhydrophobic coating was prepared on 316L by one-step liquid-phase electrodeposition method. The coating was composed of an organic outer layer enriched with the long carbon chains of lauric acid and an inorganic structure featuring MoS₂ as the skeleton and ZnO as the matrix. This unique hierarchical structure contributed to excellent long-lasting superhydrophobicity and mechanical stability. XPS depth profiling confirmed the successful incorporation of MoS₂ and the formation of zinc laurate, which enhanced the micro-nanostructure and chemical robustness. The coating demonstrated a high-water contact angle above 155° and a sliding angle of ≤1°under extreme pH conditions (pH 1–13), demonstrating excellent hydrophobicity and chemical stability. Even after sandpaper wear, sea sand impact, and mud rotation stirring, the coating still remained its superhydrophobic properties and exhibited its superior durability. In addition, the coating showed excellent stability and high efficiency in the microplastic (MPs) removal experiment, providing an economically feasible solution for water pollution control. • MoS₂ and zinc laurate were co-deposited on 316 stainless steels via one-step liquid-phase deposition. • The coating features an organic shell and inorganic skeleton, ensuring durable superhydrophobicity. • The coating maintains a contact angle >155° and sliding angle ≤1° under pH 1–13 conditions. • The coating retains superhydrophobicity after sandpaper wear, sea sand impact, and slurry friction. • The coating enables efficient and recyclable microplastic removal, offering sustainable water treatment potential.