Spectroscopic Techniques Application for Wine and Wine Byproduct Authentication

The growing concern regarding the authenticity of wine and wine byproducts, particularly in terms of their origin and grape varieties, is of great importance to both consumers and the wine industry. Verifying the accuracy of information presented on labels is crucial for this sector, as regulatory frameworks strictly govern the veracity of claims made to consumers. This concern has driven the development and application of innovative analytical methods, such as spectroscopic techniques, which utilize different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, including the visible (Vis), ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) regions. This review aims to highlight the importance of understanding a wine’s unique fingerprint. To achieve this, it will explore various analytical methods used to verify the authenticity of consumer information, assess the composition of grapes and wine, and discuss the statistical techniques employed to extract valuable insights from the resulting datasets.