Research on the Development Potential of a Hybrid Energy Electric–Hydrogen Synergy System: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia

The utilization of hydrogen energy presents new opportunities for renewable energy integration, and the hybrid electricity–hydrogen synergy system exhibits significant potential for renewable energy accommodation and multi-scenario applications. To comprehensively explore the potential of such systems, this study proposes a two-stage design methodology that integrates HOMER simulation with multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). Using Baotou, Inner Mongolia as a case study, HOMER is employed for simulation and optimization, and a comprehensive evaluation index system encompassing energy, economic, and environmental dimensions is established to assess the potential Cases and identify the optimal one. This study proposes an innovative weighting model combining CRITIC, Grey-DEMATEL, and Huber loss function. The model effectively resolves conventional methods’ deficiencies in balancing subjective–objective factors. Furthermore, an enhanced GRA-VIKOR model is developed to overcome the inherent constraints of conventional VIKOR approaches, particularly their excessive dependence on indicator weights and decision-maker preferences. The experimental results reveal that systems with 50% wind power integration demonstrate the optimal comprehensive development potential, while the developed MCDM framework successfully confines indicator weight deviations within the range of 0.016–0.019.