Heat transport features of MHD hybrid nanofluids beyond variable fluid characteristics

Heat transmission via hybrid nanofluids offers promising roles in manufacturing and engineering uses such as plastic factories, solar energy, the concrete pavement sector, electronic components, bio-medical fields, automobile radiators, power-plant cooling, etc. This study examine the fluid dynamics of a Darcy-Forchheimer model of Al2O3−Cu/C2H6O2hybrid nanofluid and Al2O3/C2H6O2 nanofluid driven by a bidirectional permeable shrinking surface with slip and convective constraints. The influence of non-uniform heat source/sink, Joule heating, magnetic force, linear thermal radiation with temperature-dependent viscosity and conductivity are also scrutinized. Applying suitable transformations governing PDEs are converted into ODEs. Using these dimensionless ODEs numerical solutions are obtained with the help of suitable techniques bvp4c built in MATLAB. The graphical outcomes of shear stress, heat transfer coefficient, velocity, and temperature profiles against various physical constraints are examined. These scrutinies reveal the existence of dual nature solutions under the specific range of expanding/contracting factor and found that the thermal efficiency of the hybrid nanofluid is superior to that of nanofluid. An increment in the variable viscosity factor improves the shear stress profile for both solution branches. Moreover, variation in variable thermal factor reduces the heat transportation rate. The velocity curve shows an accelerating trend with an increment in the slip factor for both hybrid and nanofluids.