Design and Development of an IoT Based Smart Pesticide Spraying Robot

Abstract: The experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2024–2025 at the Agronomy Main Research Farm, A.M. Reddy Memorial College, Narasaraopet, Palnadu District. A smart pesticide spraying robot was deployed to monitor and manage pest infestations across different crops, including tomato, brinjal, chilli, and cotton. The robot effectively identified pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and bollworms, adapting pesticide spraying quantities based on detection results. Observations indicated that pesticide application ranged from 150 mL to 250 mL, covering areas between 20 m² and 250 m², with corresponding battery usage and operational time. In cases of no pest detection, only monitoring activities were performed, demonstrating efficient energy and time management. Field results highlighted the robot's capability to optimize pesticide usage, reducing unnecessary spraying while maintaining pest control efficiency. The cost of the developed smart pesticide robot was ₹9,000, making it an affordable solution with minimal maintenance costs. This innovation presents a promising approach toward sustainable, automated pest management in agricultural practices.