Laparoscopic Resection of Duplex Leiomyoma Mimicking Adrenal Tumor with Metastasis into Omentum: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract Background Retroperitoneal leiomyomas are rare, presenting diagnostic challenges. This report describes a case of a rapidly growing retroperitoneal leiomyoma mimicking an adrenal tumor, along with the literature review. Case Presentation A 47-year-old Caucasian woman presented with an incidentally discovered adrenal mass and suspected omental metastasis. Imaging revealed a 67 × 72 × 90 mm adrenal mass and a 15 mm omental lesion. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy and resection of the second tumor in the omentum were performed. Pathological examination revealed a duplex benign leiomyoma. The clinical course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 3 without any symptoms. Conclusion This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of retroperitoneal leiomyomas, particularly in the setting of a rapidly growing mass. The patient’s history of uterine leiomyomas raises the possibility of leiomyomatosis.