Selection of Superior Noni (<i>Morinda citrifolia</i>) Mother Tree in Cianjur Regency Based on Chemical Composition and Morphological Characteristics

Abstract Noni fruit ( Morinda citrifolia ) has been traditionally used in medicine for its potential health benefits, including hypertension prevention, cancer treatment, and more. However, there is a notable lack of standardization in raw materials derived from noni plants for use in herbal medicine. To address this gap, it is crucial to identify and cultivate superior noni varieties. Cianjur Regency, a prominent agricultural area in West Java, is known for noni cultivation by local farmers. This study, conducted in 2021 in Cianjur Regency, aimed to select superior mother trees based on morphological characteristics and bioactive compound content. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the research analyzed morphological traits and conducted chemical profiling using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The findings revealed no significant differences in several leaf and stem characteristics within the population, but variability was observed in fruit shape. Key bioactive compounds, including hexanoic acid and stigmasterol, were detected. Among the samples, MCC 2 emerged as a promising candidate for development as a superior mother tree due to its favorable traits and chemical profile.