In Vitro Shoots Multiplication of UJ-5 Cassava on MS Medium with Benzyl Adenin and Kinetin

Abstract Numerous problems within the plant seedling production of the agricultural sector are due to extreme shifts in weather patterns. These problems are usually since the plants are vulnerable to sub-optimal environmental conditions. The propagation of cassava plants generally done by stem cuttings, often carries the risk of inheriting diseases from the parent plant. Therefore, these challenges were addressed using tissue culture technology due to its rapid seedling multiplication, large quantity, disease-free, and not affected by changes in external environmental conditions. This study aims to investigate the response of cassava on shoot induction and multiplication by treatment with different types and plant growth regulator concentrations. It was conducted at the plant tissue culture laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung, from October 2021 to April 2022. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first was Benzyl Adenine (BA) with a concentration of 0 mg L −1 (b1), 0.1 mg L −1 (b2), and 1.0 mg L −1 (b3), while the second factor was Kinetin with a concentration 0 mg L −1 (k1), 1.0 mg L −1 (k2), 2.0 mg L −1 (k3), and 4.0 mg L −1 (k4). The result showed that shoot emergence occurred earlier for BA 0 mg L −1 and 0.1 mg L −1 compared to 1.0 mg L −1 , with a 100% growth rate of explants. However, the highest average number of shoots was observed at BA 1.0 mg L −1 (2.2 shoots). While, Kinetin 4.0 mg L −1 produced 2.0 shoots per explant which was slightly lower than BA 1.0 mg L −1 . The highest root number on MS0 medium was indicated by the treatment of BA 0 mg L −1 and Kinetin 2.0 mg L −1 (3.64 roots). Therefore, the most effective PGRs concentration for cassava shoot multiplication was BA concentrations of 1.0 mg L −1