Disguised Threat: Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Masquerading as Acute Dacryocystitis

Mucormycosis is an aggressive, life-threatening fungal infection predominantly affecting immunocompromised individuals. It typically manifests as rhino-orbital or rhino-cerebral disease. However, rarely, its initial presentation may closely resemble an innocuous condition like acute dacryocystitis, which is prone to result in higher morbidity rates. Herein, we report a case of a 52-year-old diabetic patient who presented with symptoms suggestive of acute dacryocystitis. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were started, but the patient did not improve with therapy. Further investigations, including imaging and biopsy, unraveled invasive mucormycosis. Prompt surgical debridement and antifungal therapy were initiated, but the delayed diagnosis culminated in significant orbital involvement. A high index of clinical suspicion is warranted for mucormycosis in patients with risk factors such as diabetes or immunosuppression who present with dacryocystitis and are unresponsive to standard treatment. Early diagnosis and aggressive intervention play a pivotal role in improving patient outcomes in this condition.