Purification, Characterization, Identification, and Anticancer Activity of Bacteriocin from Leuconostoc carnosum

Cancer is the second most common cause of mortality in most developed countries, behind heart disease. Cancer is defined as the aberrant proliferation of cells. It is also the most feared disease. By 2025, it is anticipated that there will be more than 20 million new instances of cancer worldwide. Chemotherapy is still the most widely utilized therapeutic option among the several alternatives offered to patients. Currently available anticancer medications are either entirely manufactured molecules or substances extracted from plants and their derivatives. Evidence exists that conventional cancer treatments have a number of unfavorable side effects. It is well known that cancer cells can get resistant to the treatments that are currently accessible. Effective cancer treatment is still hard to come by, even with the latest developments in tumor therapy. A new treatment consisting of pure bacteriocin from Leuconostoc carnosum an effect on cancer cell. Different concentrations (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25 μg/mL) of bacteriocin purified from Leuconostoc carnosumwhich isolated from broccoli were applied on the A549 lung cell line. A significant cytotoxicity ratio of bacteriocin was 67.57828 % caused by the highest used concentration 1000μg/mL towards A549 lung cell line compared to normal human fibroblast cells, which were resist to the same concentration of it with maximum cytotoxicity 5.870841 %. The IC50 for A549 lung cell line was μg/mL, while IC50 for NHF cell line was 111.9. The highest activity of bacteriocin against cancer cells was established at 1000 μg/mL.