The equations of state of nine materials up to 0.43 TPa for extreme pressure science

Extreme high-pressure generation beyond the Earth’s central pressure is currently achieved by static compression. The high-pressure technology is a key not only for the condensed matter physics but also for the earth and planetary science to understand the interior of planets larger than the Earth such as gas/ice giants and exoplanets. On the other hand, how to determine the pressure generated is another fundamental issue. There are many kinds of pressure standards, and their mutual consistency under extreme pressure conditions is not yet known. Here we report the volumetric (density) interrelationships of seven metals (Fe, Cu, Mo, W, Re, Pt, Au) and two non-metal materials (MgO, NaCl) based on simultaneous static compression experiments up to ~430 GPa, including previously reported static compression experiments. Present results reveal the fact that even on latest pressure scales by shock-less dynamic compression studies not all of them necessarily agree within the error limit under extreme high-pressure conditions. Our internally consistent equations of state bridge various extreme pressure sciences and realize comprehensive discussions. High-pressure technology is key for exploring condensed matter physics and planetary science, but determining the pressure generated by static compression varies across different disciplines. Here, a systematic way to achieve mutual consistency under extreme pressure conditions is established