NUTRITION-RELATED BEHAVIORS AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG INDIVIDUALS DIAGNOSED WITH HIV/AIDS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND NUTRITIONAL HABITS IN ALBANIA

Objective. The present study aims to assess the influence of socioeconomic status on the dietary patterns and nutritional practices of individuals affected by AIDS in Albania. Methods and materials. Through a descriptive cross-sectional research design with non-random sampling, the study’s objective is to explore the specified group’s social, economic, and health-related encounters and relationships. A total of 264 individuals living with HIV were assessed regarding their dietary behaviors and quality of life during the preceding six months. Results. Results show that notwithstanding the comparatively low socioeconomic status of individuals living with HIV (PLHIV) in Albania, they exhibit well-developed coping mechanisms, resilience and adaptability in face of stressors. Dietary supplements and vitamins appear to be significantly influenced by the insufficient focus on nutritional programs and financial limitations. Findings from the Mann-Whitney U-test illustrate a definitive correlation between educational attainment and dietary practices. Those possessing higher levels of education demonstrate a pronounced propensity towards healthier nutritional habits, while individuals with only elementary education show a diminished inclination. The correlational analysis revealed a positive association between overall nutritional behavior and education, a positive correlation with income, and a negative relationship with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). A noteworthy finding was the establishment of a negative correlation between nutritional behaviors and fixed sexual partnership status. Conclusion. Promoting healthy nutritional practices through a proactive approach and substantial financial and educational backing from all segments of society is imperative. Additional empirical research is essential to address the existing gaps in literature and scientific knowledge related to the Albanian context. Keywords: Nutritional behavior, PLHIV, Socioeconomic Status, Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy, Quality of Life.