The First Near‐Real‐Time Compatible Numerical Method for Co‐Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Simulation

Abstract Numerous studies demonstrated a huge potential for ionospheric total electron content (TEC) measurements to be included in earthquake and tsunami risk assessments. However, up to now, only a few methodologies or tools can be used in near‐real‐time (NRT) for these purposes. For the first time, this study presents a method allowing for fast simulations of Co‐Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances (CSID) or ionoquakes. The new analytical simulation code models the propagation of acoustic‐gravity waves (AGWs) generated by a co‐seismic uplift of the ground/seafloor, by resolving the governing equations in the time‐altitude‐horizontal domain. The method models the near‐field CSID in about 60 s of simulation time, that is, before the waves are detected in the ionospheric TEC measurements. The developed method is, therefore, among the first most promising products in Ionospheric Seismology that can be used for NRT applications, such as tsunami early warning.