Economic and biological evaluation of hybrid forms of nanjing cherry in the Oryol region

The objectives of the studies presented in this paper are to provide a comprehensive assessment of the economic and biological indicators of Nanjing cherry hybrids in the Oryol Region. This crop is of great theoretical and practical interest in the region. In this regard, there is a need for an economic and biological assessment of hybrid forms, which will fully realize the adaptability of Nanjing cherry in the Oryol region. The location of the study is the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), located in the Oryol Municipal District of the Oryol Region. Productivity indicators (yield and degree of flowering and fruiting), resistance to fungal diseases (coccomycosis and moniliosis), as well as the general condition of the plants were assessed. The presented studies were carried out on the basis of the laboratory of breeding, variety testing and varietal agricultural technology of stone fruit crops of this institute in the period from 2019 to 2024. The objects of the study were seven hybrids of Nanjing cherry obtained by free pollination with forms of Nanjing cherry from the genetic collection of the laboratory. In terms of yield, the best results were obtained for hybrid forms 88601 and 88599, whose yield was 6.9 kg/tree and 8.1 kg/tree, respectively. According to the complex of studied economic and biological indicators, among the studied hybrids of Nanjing cherry, hybrids 88599, 88596 and 88600 showed the best results. A correlation analysis of the economic and biological indicators of hybrid forms of Nanjing cherry and various weather and climate indicators of the period under consideration was also performed. It was found that the economic and biological indicators of Nanjing cherry were most strongly affected by such indicators as the average temperature of February, March, April, as well as the average temperature of April – July.