Molecular genetic analysis of the interaction of genes associated with reproductive functions of animals

This study analyzes the interactions of three genes – BMP-15 (bone morphogenetic protein 15), BMPR-IB (bone morphogenetic protein receptor type IB) and GDF-9 (growth and differentiation factor 9) – in regulating key processes of mammalian reproductive function. These genes play a key role in folliculogenesis and ovulation, affecting the growth and development of follicles, maturation of eggs and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Disruptions in the functioning of these genes lead to various reproductive disorders, including decreased fertility and infertility. The aim of the study was to determine the functional relationships between these three genes and identify their potential interactions with other genes and proteins using open databases providing information on possible gene and protein-protein interactions. The study was conducted using the interaction of these genes in humans and sheep as an example. Data analysis showed that the BMP-15, BMPR-IB and GDF-9 genes are interconnected. Their interaction forms a complex network of signaling pathways that regulate various reproductive functions. The use of bioinformatics methods has made it possible to identify potential interactions of these genes with other genes and proteins, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of regulation of folliculogenesis and ovulation. Further studies aimed at a more detailed study of these interactions can be used in the development of new strategies for treating infertility and improving the reproductive characteristics of farm animals. Moreover, the study of their role in other biological processes can reveal new aspects of their functioning and is of great importance associated with understanding the genetic mechanisms of the formation of traits and their manifestation in ontogenesis.