A Fully Integrated Wearable Biomimetic Microfluidic Wound Tracker for In Situ Dynamic Monitoring of Wound Exudate Oxygen

Wearable wound exudate sensors hold great promise for providing dynamic measurements of valuable biomarkers. However, no existing sensors are able to achieve the fully integrated, skin-on, and dynamic detection of raw wound exudate oxygen (O₂), which is closely related to wound conditions and also essential for wound healing. Here, we report a fully integrated wearable biomimetic microfluidic wound tracker, capable of skin-on biomimetic microfluidic wound exudate sampling, dynamic monitoring of wound exudate O₂ in addition to wound exudate uric acid, lactate, pH, and temperature, and wireless control through the seamless integration of specially designed microfluidic, sensing, and electronic modules. We test the performance of the device in both bacterium-inoculated and uninoculated wounds using mouse models. We further assess its potential for wound management in the healing process of infected diabetic mouse wounds through controlled experiments related to local hyperbaric O₂ treatment.