An optimal area power system-based automatic load frequency control using a 1-D lookup table method

Automatic load frequency control (ALFC) is an important part of auxiliary services in power systems. To sustain system accuracy and ensure the safety of power systems, ALFC system design is a vital issue. Power system networks must quickly address the imbalance between generation and demand, or else the power line frequency will depart from its nominal value. However, performance might be disappointing, and frequency deviation can occur when a substantial disturbance occurs, such as when a rapid, significant load change happens. In particular, an enormous number one- and two-dimensional lookup table is used; in this study, the 1-D Lookup Table (1-DLuT) method is generalized to design LFC in single area and two areas power system. The proposed controller reduces the effects of load disturbance in the frequency fluctuations and contributes to the stabilization of the power system. In PID controller design methods, the most common performance criteria are integrated absolute error (IAE), the integration of time weight square error (ITSE), and the integration of squared error (ISE), which can be evaluated analytically in the frequency domain. A common performance criterion for control system design is the Integral of Time multiplied by the Absolute Error (ITAE) index, which is used to minimize the integral of the time absolute error performance index. Finally, the proposed 1-DLuT-based interpolation algorithm is compared with two different controllers, including a PI and an ANN. In other words, the simulation results showed that the optimal proposed system performs better within different variations of the stated loads.