‘Community people are the most powerful resources’: qualitative critical realist analysis and framework to support co-produced responses to zoonotic disease threats with(in) Nepali communities

Meaningful co-production requires recognising communities- through legitimate leadership/representation- as expert and equal partners who can 'work alongside' at all stages of any initiative. Implications from this research include the importance of promoting trust in communities through inclusion of influential community members (community health volunteers, traditional medicine practitioners, women's group leaders); the use of indigenous languages; the acceptability of different media for interventions (theatre, drama); and the need to be pragmatic about available resources, to manage the expectations of community members.