Techno-Probabilistic Flexibility Assessment of EV2G Based on Chargers’ Historical Records

As the proportion of renewable energy is rapidly increasing under the commitment to carbon neutrality, technical research and demonstrations regarding electric vehicle-to-grid (EV2G) charging are in progress. Meanwhile, commercialization of EV2G in the power system should be preceded by a quantitative assessment of EV2G flexibility based on practical data analysis. In this paper, we propose a framework to evaluate the technical flexibility of EV2G using the accumulated historical records of chargers. The framework consists of a charger profile generation model that derives a probabilistic state profile of each segmented charger group and a virtual EV2G flexibility model that derives flexibility through optimal operation of a virtual EV2G. The experiment was conducted based on islanded grid and charger data. The experimental results validated the economic and environmental contribution effects of EV2G flexibility. The proposed framework can contribute to stakeholders’ decision-making on the utilization of EV2G as a flexible resource based on reliable analysis results.