Inferior Oblique Muscle Surgery for Treatment of V-pattern Strabismus and Dissociated Vertical Deviation

The inferior oblique muscle plays a key role in controlling eye position during changes in gaze direction, particularly in coordinating vertical and torsional movements. Its anatomy is somewhat different compared to the other extraocular muscles, making its understanding crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective surgical treatment. V-pattern strabismus with inferior oblique muscle overaction and dissociated vertical deviation, alongside trochlear nerve palsy, are among the most common indications for surgical procedures on the inferior oblique muscles. This article discusses the surgical techniques used in the treatment of V-pattern strabismus and dissociated vertical deviation and highlights the potential complications that may arise. The importance of assessing objective and subjective cyclotorsion in the diagnosis and surgical planning of these conditions is also emphasized.