Rolul constructelor ficționale în filosofia lui Hans Vaihinger

Man’s aspiration towards the ideal can be found both in science and in phenomenal experience, in the questions “in what way?” or “how?”. From this methodological, scientific or empirical approach, fictions are born, this new type of ideational constructs, which serve as an instrument of the logical function of thinking. The qualitative differentiation of fictions is argued by Vaihinger through the incongruity or contradiction of their content with reality and with themselves. Thus, thinking operates both with semi-fictions, but also with authentic fictions. Another part of the article is devoted to the analysis of fictions as instruments of the will to power, and the final part proposes a discussion of the conceptualization of “as if” as theory or as fiction.