IMPLEMENTATION OF BASIC INSTITUTIONAL THEORIES THROUGH THE PRISM OF HISTORICAL CHRONICLES FOR THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE

Institutions are at the heart of shaping policy outcomes, especially in post-war situations where state reconstruction and economic revival are top priorities. According to institutional theory, structures, norms, and interactions between different actors play a significant role in shaping how policies are developed and implemented. When it comes to the post-war context of Ukraine, understanding how these institutional frameworks can be applied is crucial for building a resilient, functional state. This study delves into how institutional theory can help shape Ukraine’s post-war model, focusing on governance, economic recovery, and social stability. The purpose of this study is to explore how different institutional approaches influence the political cycle in Ukraine and to suggest ways to improve post-war governance and institutional development in the country. This study uses a comparative and historical approach to assess changes in governance models over time. Using the framework of the policy cycle, it examines the different stages of policy–from agenda-setting and policy formulation to implementation and evaluation–through the lens of post-war challenges in Ukraine. The findings show that institutional theory–divided into historical institutionalism, rational choice institutionalism, and sociological institutionalism–provides a useful framework for understanding how to improve Ukraine’s political landscape. Historical institutionalism emphasizes the long-term pathways that have shaped governance in Ukraine, while rational choice institutionalism emphasizes the need for clear incentives to ensure political and economic stability. On the other hand, sociological institutionalism draws attention to the importance of norms and shared values in guiding policy decisions. The study also highlights the need to combine top-down and bottom-up models to ensure effective governance at every level. To better understand these dynamics, the study examines historical examples such as postwar Germany and the Balkans, which show how important legal, economic, and social institutions are in state reconstruction. Looking ahead, future research should focus on refining Ukraine’s institutional classifications, identifying governance structures that can drive more effective policies. Strengthening institutional legitimacy, increasing bureaucratic capacity, promoting decentralization, engaging civil society, and seeking international support will be key to ensuring sustainable postwar recovery. By learning from the past and adhering to a clear policy cycle, Ukraine can rebuild a stronger and more resilient state that serves its citizens and ensures a stable future.