TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER: ESSENTIAL ASPECTS

The article examines theoretical aspects of technology transfer in the essential context. The article substantiates the importance of technology transfer against the background of increasing volumes of technology transfer operations in the global innovation space, strengthening its contribution to the competitiveness of innovationoriented companies. The article examines the concept of technology transfer through the prism of different vectors of its understanding with an emphasis on certain of its essential characteristics, namely, in terms of subjects, objects of technology transfer, targeting of its functional load, legal basis, and relations between participants in technology transfer. Attention is focused on the comprehensive consideration of these essential aspects in understanding technology transfer. The importance of identifying the key components of technology transfer, which are proposed to be considered through the prism of systemic and functional approaches, is substantiated. The author distinguishes the components of technology transfer according to the systemic approach, which is focused on creating an integral ecosystem, in particular, objects, subjects of technology transfer, networks of their interaction, regulatory framework and infrastructure support. The functional approach to technology transfer focuses on the implementation of business processes related to the creation, development, commercialisation, and diffusion of technologies; on establishing coordination between transfer subjects in many combinations of their cooperation; on organising interaction in various formats of technology transfer; on managing technology transfer with due regard for the above characteristics. In the context of the allocation of components, it is proposed to consider technology transfer through the prism of the ecosystem with an emphasis on integration, coevolution, flexibility, synergism, emergence, nonlinearity, multidimensionality and dynamism, which will help to strengthen the theoretical and methodological basis for making effective management decisions by innovative companies to develop an effective technology transfer management system.