The effect of coffee consumption on the tnf-α level after submaximal exercise

Introduction: Exercise has become a lifestyle choice for many individuals seeking to maintain their health and reduce the risk of various diseases. However, exercising at a certain intensity requires significant energy expenditure and can lead to micro-damage in the muscles, which can be detected through several biomarkers, including levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α). This condition may adversely affect physical performance, leading some individuals to take supplements as a preventive measure. Additionally, post-workout caffeine consumption has gained popularity, particularly in the form of caffeinated drinks, in an effort to enhance physical fitness and productivity. Nevertheless, there is limited comprehensive research on the mechanisms by which caffeine affects post-exercise recovery. Objective: This study aims to investigate changes in Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) levels following coffee consumption and submaximal exercise. Methodology: This quantitative quasi-experimental study employed a single-blind design. Twenty adult men (ages 19–29) were divided into a control (CON) group and an experimental (EXP) group. The EXP group consumed Robusta coffee for five days before the exercise intervention, while the CON group received a placebo on the same days. All participants underwent submaximal exercise using the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) step test method. Two hours after this intervention, blood samples were collected for TNF-α measurement. Results: TNF-α levels were lower in the intervention group (88.17 n/L) than in the control group (121.44 n/L), although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Coffee consumption may help reduce TNF-α and regulate inflammation after submaximal exercise.