Congenital Elevation of the Scapula (Sprengel Malformation): Imaging Contribution

Congenital elevation of the scapula, also known as Sprengel's malformation, is a rare congenital anomaly of the shoulder girdle secondary to a defect migration of the scapula during embryonic life. The pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Diagnosis is made in early childhood. Imaging, CT in particular with multi-planar reconstruction, plays a fundamental role in the positive diagnosis and assessment of the disease. Ultrasonography and MRI are second-line examinations. Standard X-rays can be used for positive diagnosis, but the assessment of lesions is limited due to the superimposition of different anatomical planes. We report three cases of Sprengel malformation with particularities for each case.