Analysis of the treatment of total knee arthroplasty

Osteoarthritis of the knee joint of stages III-IV (according to the classification of Kellgren and Lawrence) is characterized by severe pain syndrome, impaired function of support and movement, as well as a significant decrease in quality of life. The aim: to analyze the results of TKA operations performed in the Multidisciplinary City Hospital No2 of the Akimat of Astana over a five-year period.Methods. In the period from 2020 to 2024, a retrospective study was conducted aimed at evaluating the clinical effectiveness of the treatment of patients after total knee arthroplasty. The study included 495 patients, including 346 (70%) women and 149 (30%) men, with an average age of 56 years (from 42 to 73). Results. The diagnoses were distributed as follows: degenerative-dystrophic gonarthrosis was detected in 470 (94.9%) cases and accounted for the majority of operations, post-traumatic gonarthrosis in 9 (1.8%) cases, and 16 (3.2%) operations were performed as part of revision arthroplasty. A significant improvement in the functional status was recorded 3 months after the operation, when the index reached 82.7±35.8 points, and one year after the intervention, when it was 84.2±4.5 points. A similar dynamic was observed in patients' subjective assessment of quality of life on the SF-36 scale before and after surgery.Conclusion. The main solution of TKA is to eliminate the pain factor and restore full joint mobility, thereby improving the quality of life of patients with disability. However, it is characterized with significant postoperative pain, which can hinder rehabilitation and cause complications.Keywords: analysis, total arthroplasty, knee joint, degenerative-dystrophic arthrosis, treatment.