ZIF-8-Derived Nanozyme Loaded with Botanical Fungicides as an Eco-Friendly Nanopesticide for Microenvironment-Enhanced Synergistic Control of Ginseng Seedling Blight

In this study, we successfully fabricated an eco-friendly nanopesticide with synergistic antifungal efficacy by loading the botanical fungicide osthole (OS) into ZIF-8-derived nanozymes (ZnSA) for microenvironment-enhanced control of ginseng seedling blight. The nanopesticide (OS@ZnSA) exhibited significant photostability and storage stability. Compared with OS technique concentrate, the inhibitory effect on <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> was increased by 28%. Plant experiments revealed that OS@ZnSA not only promoted the growth of ginseng seedlings but also markedly enhanced the expression of its defense enzymes. Safety evaluation showed that OS@ZnSA had no significant effect on soil microbial community, seed germination, and human immortalized epidermal cells (HaCaT), demonstrating its favorable biosafety profile. Overall, the eco-friendly and microenvironment-enhanced nanopesticides would provide a new perspective for synergistic control of plant disease.