Gross hematuria associated to bladder vascular malformation in Proteus syndrome successfully treated with holmium laser fulguration: A case report

Proteus Syndrome (PS) is a rare congenital disease marked by a broad spectrum of congenital malformation. We present a case of an eight-year-old boy who was previously diagnosed with PS and started with 1 week of gross hematuria with no other symptoms. During the investigation, CT scan and MRI were performed showing some nodular (polypoid) lesions up to 1 cm in the bladder wall with diffusion restriction, contrast gain and no signs of invasion. Cystoscopy was done and the vascular malformations were fulgurated with Ho:Yag laser. After an eighteen-month follow-up, he had no new episodes of hematuria.