Pioneering TiO ₂ /G‐C ₃ N ₄ Heterostructures for Enhanced Organic Pollutant Removal

Abstract The remarkable synergy and versatility of TiO2/g‐C3N4 composites in photocatalytic applications, particularly for the removal of organic pollutants, have attracted considerable interest. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the modifications employed to enhance the properties of binary TiO2/g‐C3N4 heterostructures. The examination encompasses the modification of binary TiO2/g‐C3N4 systems with various materials, including metal and nonmetal dopants, carbonaceous supports, and other semiconductors, among others. The effects of various parameters, such as synthesis methods, types of precursors, calcination procedures, and concentrations of precursors, are also correlated with the physicochemical properties and photocatalytic performance of the materials. This in‐depth exploration highlights TiO2/g‐C3N4 advancements in engineering, more advanced and smart materials with enhanced visible light utilization and charge‐transfer ability. Additionally, the review highlights the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms involved and the advancement of synthesis techniques that are both scalable and environmentally sustainable. Future directions for improving TiO2/g‐C3N4‐based heterostructures are presented, with an emphasis on the potential to revolutionize photocatalysis for environmental remediation and sustainable energy generation.