Association Of ABO Blood Group with Incidence Of Ischemic stroke:An Observational Study

Introduction: Stroke is characterized as a sudden occurrence of a neurologicdeficit caused by a focal vascular reason. Stroke is classified into two types:Hemorrhagic and Ischemic. The ABO blood groups can impact thrombosis byhaving elevated levels of VWF and factor VIIIc (possibly affected by an O(H)antigen-related change in VWF metabolism), along with increased acquiredresistance to activated protein C observed in individuals without blood typeO. The objective of this research is to identify a possible connection betweenABO blood group and ischemic stroke among the Nepalese population. Sucha study has not been conducted in Nepal previously. Methods:Patients admitted in the hospital with clinical Symptoms of stroke andpositive non contrast CT scan evidence of ischemic stroke during the studyperiod were included as cases and those admitted with any illness other thanstroke with no clinical evidence of ischemic stroke were included as comparisongroup after matching age group, sex and risk factors of stroke.Then, ABO bloodgrouping of patients were noted and its association with ischemic stroke waschecked statistically using chi square test. Results: 50 ischemic stroke patients and 50 matched non stroke patients wereanalyzed for ABO blood grouping.84 % of the ischemic stroke patients werefound to have Non-O blood group.78% of non stroke patients were found tohave O blood group.50% of ischemic stroke patients had blood group A.58%of stroke patients had HTN as risk factors.34% of stroke patients had DM as riskfactors.50% of stroke patients had smoking as risk factors.40% of stroke patientshad alcoholism as risk factors.Severity of stroke was more in blood group A.The examination of the correlation between ABO blood groups and ischemicstroke patients yielded a significant result. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association between ABO bloodgrouping with an ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is more in Non -O bloodgroup, more in blood group A.