Fiber Optic Communication Systems for Next-Generation Smart Cities

The evolution of urbanization and the variety of information communication technologies have given birth to the idea of Smart Cities those territories that aspire to improve the lifestyle standards for their inhabitants through development technologies. Communication network infrastructures are the foundation of a smart city where information and services seamlessly flow between them. This era of communication faces challenges not only in reaching millions of users through relatively limited current process technologies but also in the increased demand for high throughput and low latency services, etc. Fiber optic communication systems are the most promising and effective solutions, with properties like high bandwidth, back-to-back transmission at low delay periods, and immunity to electromagnetic noise source devices among various existing commercial technologies. They utilize fiber optic cables to transmit data in the form of light pulses, which enables a faster and less susceptible means of communication. Fiber optic communications systems will grow as the need for smart city applications increases. Designs of next-generation fiber optic systems will meet smart city requirements, including high-speed data transmission, low power consumption and costeffectiveness. These configurations employ advanced technologies, including wavelength division multiplexing, coherent detection and modulation techniques for improved speed and distance capabilities.