Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Smart Vehicle Ventilation System to Enhance Air Quality and Temperature Control with Remote Monitoring and Automation

The heightened attention placed on sustainable urban mobility has propelled the development of a range of vehicle technologies aimed at improving the comfort of users and more importantly, their ecological impact. One of the challenges that is gaining ground in the directions of modern vehicles, particularly in hot and urban areas, is the need for control of the cabin air quality as well as the cabin temperatures. Increased ventilation in vehicles that are poorly maintained may result into discomfort and health risks as well as wastage of fuel where the air conditioning is over used. Continuous breathing of air that has low air exchange can lead to high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and low levels of breathable air that can cause serious health problems to both drivers and passengers. In addition, urban pollution of the air worsens the situation so that, to maintain a safer in-vehicle environment, effective ventilation systems are required. Due to these phenomena, there is a rising demand for automatic solutions that can monitor, manage and improve the air quality and temperature levels in vehicles. In most cases, vehicles' ventilation systems are dependent on air conditioning unit and manual systems; however, new technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) have made it possible to develop better and intelligent climate control systems. These systems can operate automatically without requiring human action by employing real-time data, rendering them both convenient and energy efficient.