Improved Fault Detection and Location Method in Three-Phase Distribution Networks Leveraging Traceable PMU Measurements

Several fault detection methods and location algorithms in the literature are founded on state estimation. In recent approaches, in most cases, the state estimation process is performed based on synchronized measurements provided by phasor measurement units (PMUs). However, coupling fault identification with phasor measurements is a challenging task, which can present several risks. Particularly, in dynamic scenarios related to faults, the traceability of the measurements could be compromised. This paper, relying on dynamics detection policies to evaluate at run time measurements applicability, proposes a novel fault detection and location method based on PMU measurements, which improves both correct location rate and location speed, thanks to a more robust definition of detection indicators and of the needed thresholds. Using only traceable measurements, decision risks can be reduced in a few PMU reporting intervals. The validity of the proposed approach is confirmed by the simulations carried out by means of a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) on a three-phase CIGRE European Medium Voltage distribution network in different fault configurations and measurement scenarios.