Relayer Aggregation Using Chainless Multi-Layer Consensus

The increasing adoption of blockchain technology has underscored the need for cross-chain systems that enable seamless communication among multiple BC networks. Achieving cross-chain interoperability, which ensures secure and efficient data storage and transfer across BCs, remains a critical technical challenge. Among existing solutions, the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol within the Cosmos ecosystem is a prominent framework that facilitates cross-chain communication using light clients and continuous monitoring. However, IBC faces limitations due to its reliance on the consensus algorithms and block generation intervals of participating blockchains. Cross-chain transactions are processed sequentially, requiring approval at each stage, which reduces efficiency. Furthermore, the increasing number of relayers introduces scalability and operational challenges. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel framework called Relayer Aggregation (RA), which aims to enhance cross-chain communication by employing a chainless multi-layer consensus mechanism. RA enables parallel transaction processing to improve performance and scalability. Experimental nodes were developed, and comparative performance evaluations of RA and IBC were conducted to validate the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that RA significantly reduces the number of required relayer nodes and enhances processing efficiency through parallelization. By overcoming the sequential processing limitations of IBC, RA offers a scalable and efficient solution for cross-chain interoperability. This study contributes to advancing blockchain ecosystems by addressing key bottlenecks in cross-chain systems and providing a foundation for future optimization in distributed environments.