A Comprehensive Overview on the Role of Phytocompounds as Gastroprotective Agents

Peptic ulcer is a major health disease which could be defined as destruction in different parts of the gastrointestinal track mainly the lining mucosa of the stomach as well as the proximal duodenum. Additionally, the treatment of this illness emphases different challenges as the currently available medications have major side effects as well as limited effectiveness. On the other hand, natural products exhibited a chief role in prevention and curing various health issues. Different natural metabolites such as alkaloids (as isocorydine), flavonoids (as Sofalcone), terpenoids (as aescine), coumarins (as esculin), and tannins (as castalagin) exhibited a great part in the prevention in addition to healing of peptic ulcer with different mechanisms of action such as H 2 antagonists or Inhibition of the gastric H + , K + -ATPase. One hundred and eighty-five secondary metabolites were reported from higher plants and marine ecosystem. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the natural products obtained from different plants and marine sources as potential candidates with well reported gastro protective potential along with their mechanism of action and structural aspects whenever applicable. Herbal formulations and natural products in clinical trials have been mentioned in this review. Finally, drug likeness property, ADME/Toxicity profile of the compounds were evaluated.