Enseñanza del inglés mediante metodologías activas en entornos virtuales y presenciales

Introduction: The teaching of English as a foreign language has evolved toward active approaches that place the learner at the center of the learning process. Methodology: A literature review was conducted on the implementation of active methodologies in both virtual and face-to-face settings, considering their advantages, disadvantages, and application conditions. Results: Active methodologies such as project-based learning, task-based learning, flipped classroom, and gamified learning promote student autonomy, motivation, and communicative development. In face-to-face classrooms, direct communication enhances learning, while virtual environments offer flexible and personalized experiences, albeit requiring digital skills and self-discipline. Discussion: Both environments present benefits and limitations. The success of active methodologies lies in their adaptation to the educational context. Previous studies confirm their effectiveness in both face-to-face and virtual modalities. Conclusions: Active methodologies enhance the teaching of English as a foreign language when supported by appropriate planning, teacher mediation, and ongoing professional development.