The geography of decision-making in voters, politicians and spatial dynamics

This article examines the dynamics of voter decision-making during Ghana’s 2024 general elections, highlighting a significant shift from traditional identity-based politics toward a focus on economic issues and governance. Using spatial voting theory as a framework, the study analyzes how voters evaluated candidates based on performance and policy preferences. Dissatisfaction with economic conditions, systemic corruption, and minimal engagement with elected representatives heavily influenced electoral outcomes. The findings reveal a growing emphasis on policy commitments over ethnic affiliations, signaling a demand for greater accountability and responsiveness from political leaders. By situating Ghana’s electoral dynamics within broader theoretical contexts, this study provides fresh insights into the evolving landscape of African democracies and offers practical implications for enhancing democratic governance. Future research directions are suggested to deepen understanding of these shifts and their impact on voter behavior and political accountability.