A Synthesis of Research on Mathematical Word Problem-Solving in Elementary Students with Mathematics Difficulties and/or Learning Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review

Purpose: This study aimed to synthesize previous studies on mathematical word problem-solving of students with mathematics difficulties and/or learning disabilities(MD/LD) using a systematic literature review and to provide instructional implications for students with MD/LD in inclusive settings. Method: Previous peer-reviewed studies published in 2000 through first half of 2024 in KCI journals were screened using inclusion/exclusion criteria, which resulted in finally 25 studies to be analyzed. Results: First, most participants were in Grades 4 through 6 in intervention studies. Second, the majority of selected studies applied standardized assessments to screen and identify research participants. Third, mathematical word problem-solving questions/items were developed based on the math curriculum and/or primary textbooks in most studies. Forth, scheme-based and/or representation strategies were effective in improving mathematical word problem-solving abilities of students with MD/LD. Conclusion: Based on the findings, directions and suggestions for future research and practice were discussed.