Changes in Cytokine Profile in Patients with Different Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis

BACKGROUND: In Russia, approximately 1,500,000 individuals are affected by chronic rhinosinusitis, whereas in the United States, the number reaches 30–35 million people, or 4.9 per 10,000 population. Despite numerous studies investigating the role of chronic inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, as well as allergic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis, the significance of various cytokines in disease development has not been fully established. AIM: To investigate cytokine regulation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis depending on disease phenotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 61 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were enrolled. The control group included 30 practically healthy blood donors. Cytokine levels were measured in serum using enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10 software. RESULTS: Analysis of selected cytokines in patients with different phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis revealed diverse changes in the cytokine profile. CONCLUSION: Patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis exhibited a Th1-type immune response; those with chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis, a Th1/Th17-type response; those with chronic allergic rhinosinusitis, a Th2-type response; and those with chronic infectious rhinosinusitis, a Th17-type response.