Clinical Assessment of Radiological Findings in Neonates and Pediatric Patients across Dhaka, Bangladesh

This research discusses radiological findings in pediatric patients ranging from neonates to 12 years of age in Dhaka, Bangladesh, with an emphasis on the role of X-rays in various age groups for diagnosis. The aim is to promote imaging procedures and thereby deliver greater precision and safety. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 197 pediatric patients ranging in age from 1 day to 12 years who underwent X-ray imaging in a particular hospital in Dhaka. Information about patient demographics, clinical reasons, types of imaging, and radiological findings was gathered. The X-ray machine complied with the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) standards. Statistical analyses such as Spearman's Correlation test were conducted using Microsoft Excel 2020 and SPSS version 20 to identify trends between different age groups. Results indicated considerable variation in the radiological findings. In newborns (0-28 days), the most common diagnosis was respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) with very few cases of cardiomegaly and consolidation. In infants (29 days–1 year) and toddlers (1-2 years), pneumonitis was the leading condition, whereas other pathologies were rare. Likewise, preschool children (2-6 years) had a high rate of pneumonitis, whereas school children (6-12 years) had predominantly normal findings with fewer pathological diagnoses. The study emphasizes the value of age-based imaging protocols and strict adherence to radiation safety standards to prevent unnecessary exposure. By identifying characteristic radiological patterns in pediatric age ranges, the study provides insights on how to optimize diagnostic yield and safety in pediatric imaging. Recommendations include improvement of imaging techniques, improvement of radiation protection planning, and provision of standardized procedures particular to different age ranges, ultimately facilitating greater quality and efficiency in pediatric radiology.