Scaling theory for the collapse of a trapped Bose gas in a synthetic magnetic field: a critical study at the condensation point

Abstract We have analytically explored both the zero temperature and the finite temperature scaling theory for the collapse of an attractively interacting 3D harmonically trapped Bose gas in a synthetic magnetic field. We have considered short ranged (contact) attractive inter-particle interactions and Hartree–Fock approximation for the same. We have separately studied the collapse of both the condensate and the thermal cloud below and above the condensation point, respectively. We have obtained an anisotropy, artificial magnetic field, and temperature dependent critical number of particles for the collapse of the condensate. We have found a dramatic change in the critical exponent (from α = 1 to 0) of the specific heat ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∝</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msup> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) when the thermal cloud is about to collapse with the critical number of particles ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) just below and above the condensation point. All the results obtained by us below and around the condensation point are experimentally testable within the present-day experimental set-up for the ultracold systems in the magneto-optical traps.