Optimal configuration of islanded microgrid capacity considering energy utilization and power supply reliability

Abstract The inherent periodicity, randomness, and volatility of renewable energy sources such as ocean energy pose substantial challenges to the energy supply stability and self-sufficiency of isolated island microgrids. This paper aims to determine the optimal capacity and evaluate the techno-economic benefits of independent microgrids on remote islands in the East China Sea. Specifically, considering a hybrid energy microgrid system comprising photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, marine power generation devices, battery energy storage systems, and diesel generators. The optimal configuration of this model is determined using an enhanced sparrow search algorithm, with constraints ensuring stable microgrid operation and maximizing the utilization rate of renewable energy resources. The objective is to achieve the lowest annual comprehensive cost. The results of the example verify that the improved algorithm optimizes the microgrid configuration and controls the renewable energy reduction rate and annual power shortage rate at 1.93% and 2.42%, respectively.