[Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern in Chifeng Based on "Supply-Demand Balance-Sensitivity-Connectivity"].

The construction of an ecological security pattern is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of regional ecosystems. Ecological sources form the basis of ecological security pattern construction, and their identification and extraction play an important role in the development of ecological corridors and nodes. The relationship between society and ecosystem has been ignored in the identification of ecological source areas, and the rapid development of cities requires sufficient ecological source areas. Therefore, taking Chifeng as the research area, the initial ecological source area was identified based on the "ecosystem service supply-demand relationship-ecological sensitivity-landscape connectivity" framework, and the optimal diffusion distance of the source area was determined according to the proportion of ecological land to optimize the ecological source area. Land development probability was used to modify the resistance surface, and circuit theory was employed to identify ecological corridors and nodes, thus constructing an ecological security pattern. The results showed that： ① The spatial matching degree of ecosystem service supply and demand in Chifeng was low, showing a spatial pattern of high supply-low demand in the north and southwest and low supply-high demand in the middle and southeast. ② After optimization, the ecological source area expanded to 3 210.56 km²,mainly located in the forest and water areas in the northwest and southwest corners of the study area. A total of 84 ecological corridors and 33 ecological nodes were obtained from the optimized source area, which improved the connectivity of the ecological network. ③ Combined with the distribution characteristics of natural conditions and ecological factors in the study area, the ecological security pattern of "one ecological barrier, three ecological areas, multiple corridors, multiple points" was proposed, and ecological restoration was carried out according to local conditions in different regions. This study provides a new approach for the construction of ecological security patterns and offers scientific guidance for ecological sustainable development.