Pre-Crop Chemical Control Has No Effects on Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Endosymbiotic Bacterial Diversity Along an Industrial Maize Management

During this research, the corn leaf aphids endosymbiotic bacterial diversity was tested in the same crop systems (monoculture industrial maize as grain for livestock) and the same soil type (Chernozem) when pre-crop pesticide management was used. Bacterial symbionts were analyzed using Illumina systems, and the Silva 16S NR99 V138.2 database was used to assign bacterial taxa on genus and species levels. The presence of the obligate endosymbiont <i>B. aphidicola</i> has been clearly detected in all cases, and in all samples but its abundance varied between samples inside crops, but not between crops and generations. The facultative symbionts <i>S. symbiotica</i> and <i>Wolbachia</i> spp. frequency varied between generations, and increased at generation II; however, differences were not significant. We concluded that the pre-crop pesticide application has no effect on corn leaf aphids bacterial symbionts, so the indirect pesticide application on aphids adaptation is low or nonexistent.